By Bobur Mingyasharov
In August 2025, the US Department of State designated the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and its sub-unit, the Majid Brigade, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO). Additionally, the Majid Brigade was incorporated into the BLA structure, which previously held the status of a Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT). This decision is significant not only for regional security but also for the international geopolitical balance.
US–Pakistan Rapprochement. The designation was announced following the visit of Pakistan’s army chief, General Asim Munir, to Washington. It signals the beginning of a new phase in US – Pakistan relations. In recent years, Islamabad has been observed moving closer to Beijing in political and economic terms. In this context, the designation of the BLA as a terrorist organization can be interpreted as a political signal of trust and cooperation from Washington toward Pakistan.
Energy Factor. Against this backdrop, US President Donald Trump announced an agreement with Pakistan to develop the country’s significant oil reserves. The agreement also includes provisions for reduced US tariffs on Pakistani products. Pakistan’s Finance Minister, Muhammad Aurangzeb, described this deal as a “win” for bilateral relations.
Although the details of the agreement have not yet been fully disclosed, the energy cooperation elevates trade and investment ties between Islamabad and Washington to a new level. Importantly, this announcement came just one day after the US imposed a 25% tariff on trade with Russia affecting India.
India and China Factors. The US decision to designate the BLA as a terrorist organization may run counter to India’s interests. Previously, the BLA’s attacks had weakened the China – Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which in some ways provided advantages for New Delhi. Now, restricting the group’s activities increases CPEC’s security and strengthens Beijing’s position in the region.
At the same time, the imposition of US trade tariffs on India and the enhancement of energy cooperation with Pakistan create a new strategic environment in South Asia. This development may complicate Washington’s balance of relations with New Delhi.
Conclusion. Overall, the designation of the BLA as a terrorist organization and the energy agreement with Pakistan have a significant impact on regional geopolitical dynamics. On one hand, US – Pakistan relations are entering a new phase; on the other, a complex strategic balance with India and China is being reshaped. This process is expected to generate new diplomatic dynamics and competitive fields in South Asia and neighboring regions.
* The Institute for Advanced International Studies (IAIS) does not take institutional positions on any issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IAIS.
