On June 5, 2024, the Republic of India, a federal parliamentary constitutional republic, announced the results of its 18th Lok Sabhha general elections. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi,  secured 240 seats in the 543-member Lok Sabha, the lower house of India’s bicameral parliament. This outcome was described as surprising by Indian political observers, as the BJP lost  about 20% of its previous parliamentary seats, necessitating the formation of a coalition government. 

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